Eat more fruit A person who gets enough fruit in his diet doesn't have a raging sweet tooth.
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Researchers Discover A Direct Link Between The Hormone FGF21 And Brown Adipose Tissue The blood glucose-lowering hormone FGF21 is also an activator of brown adipose tissue metabolism, according to the study featured on the cover of Cell Metabolism and directed by the lecturer Francesc Villarroya of the UB's Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Faculty of Biology), the Institute of Biomedicine, and the Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Physio...
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Latest Dieting News
Runners burn more calories at rest than sedentary persons, and it's due to changes in the mitochondria.
New Scientist: Now Douglas Befroy and his colleagues at Yale University say that the mitochondria in the muscles of men who run at least 4 hours a week consume 54 per cent more fuel at rest than those of men who don't run (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0808889105). Yet the amount of ATP produced by the two sets of men was the same, indicating that when at rest the extra fuel was being "wasted", and turned into heat
Pregnant women consuming flaxseed oil have a high (4x) risk of premature birth.
Science Blog: A study has found that the risks of a premature birth quadruple if flaxseed oil is consumed in the last two trimesters of pregnancy. The research was conducted by Professor Anick Bérard of the Université de Montréal's Faculty of Pharmacy and the Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center and Master's student Krystel Moussally
Short chain fatty acids from gut bacteria slow intestinal transit time, thereby increasing nutrient absorption.
UT Southwestern: A single molecule in the intestinal wall, activated by the waste products from gut bacteria, plays a large role in controlling whether the host animals are lean or fatty, a research team, including scientists from UT Southwestern Medical Center, has found in a mouse study.
When activated, the molecule slows the movement of food through the intestine, allowing the animal to absorb more nutrients and thus gain weight. Without this signal, the animals weigh less.
Vitamin K does not slow age-related loss in bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
Science Daily: In a randomized controlled trial Angela Cheung and colleagues at the University of Toronto found that a high dose daily vitamin K1 supplement did not protect against age-related bone mineral density (BMD) decline. However, the findings also suggest that vitamin K1 may protect against fracture and cancer in postmenopausal women with osteopenia... ((but the study was not powered to study fracture risk or cancers.)
Fructose feeding induces high triglycerides and leptin resistance in rats.
Science Daily: During these six months, there were no differences in food intake, body weight, and body fat between rats on the high-fructose and the rats on the fructose-free diets. In addition, there was no difference between the two groups in the levels of leptin, glucose, cholesterol or insulin found in their blood. There was only one difference at the end of the six months: The rats on the high-fructose diet had higher levels of triglycerides in their blood.
The researchers next tested the animals to see if they were leptin resistant. They injected all the animals with leptin, to see if they would respond by eating less. Animals whose leptin response is functioning normally will lower their food intake. The researchers discovered that the rats on the high-fructose diet were leptin resistant, that is, they did not lower their food intake when given leptin. The no-fructose animals responded normally to leptin by eating less
B vitamins of no help in slowing progression of Alzheimer's disease.
U.S. News: The findings were published in the Oct. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. For the study, Aisen's group randomly assigned 409 people with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease to high doses of folate, vitamin B6 and B12 or a placebo. The researchers then measured the rate of cognitive decline using the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale.
Over 18 months, they found that although vitamin B reduced homocysteine levels, there was no reduction in the rate of cognitive decline among patients taking the supplements. In fact, there was no significant difference in the scores on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale among those taking supplements and those receiving a placebo
Are you nuts about nuts? Nuts! One study fails to shell out any benefit.
AJCN: Conclusion: Our data do not provide evidence for an association between nut consumption and incident heart failure in US male physicians. However, our data cannot rule out possible benefits of nut consumption on subtypes of heart failure not prevalent in this cohort
Is dietary turmeric the reason why Indians have a relatively low incidence of diabetic retinopathy?
Hindu.com: Now a team at the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF) in Chennai reports that curcumin also blocks a key biological pathway needed for development of diabetic retinopathy, an eye complication among diabetics that leads to blindness if untreated.
New physical activity guidelies: 30 minutes of moderate exercise 5 times per week;
AHA: ACSM/AHA guidelines focus on 30 minutes of moderate-intensity daily physical activity five days a week. HHS guidelines call for a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate physical activity a week, an amount most reasonable on five days a week at a duration of 30 minutes.
One mechanism whereby ingestion of fatty foods (but not carbs or protein) can suppress hunger identified : OEA.
EurekAlert: Piomelli's team now reports that infusion of fat into the small intestine stimulates the release of OEA, whereas infusion of protein or carbohydrate does not. They also demonstrate that OEA production uses dietary oleic acid and is disrupted in mutant mice lacking the membrane fatty-acid transporter CD36. Treatments that disrupt CD36 or PPARa undermine the hunger control otherwise driven by fat.
Overall, the results suggest that activation of small-intestinal OEA release, enabled by CD36-mediated uptake of oleic acid from the diet, serves as a molecular sensor linking fat consumption to satiety. (Piomelli said satiety is perhaps best described as the opposite of hunger.
Just one session of exercise improves metabolic health in insulin-resistant obese subjects.
Science Daily: A team of researchers has examined the effect of exercise on fat accumulation in a new study involving five obese women. In one session the women overate and did not exercise; in a follow-on session they overate and did exercise. The researchers found that:...................
* the body's fat-burning oxidation rate was reduced after one day of overeating;.......................
* conversely, just one session of exercise increased the rate of fat-burning oxidation; and..............................
* exercise increased the amount of fat that would eventually be stored in the muscle.
New studies support use of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome.
EurekAlert: Several studies presented at the American College of Gastroenterology's 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting in Orlando highlight the safety and efficacy of probiotics in improving symptoms and normalizing bowel movement frequency in patients suffering from constipation or diarrhea related to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Tea found to contain relatively high fluoride levels (fluoride of potential concern in CKD patients)
PrNewswire: A March 2008 Food and Chemical Toxicology study found up to 4.5, 1.8, and 0.5 mg/L fluoride in black, green and white teas, respectively, when brewed for 5 minutes (61 teas sampled).
Brewed teas could contain up to 6 mg/L fluoride depending on the amount of dry tea used, the water fluoride concentration and the brewing time, according to the American Dental Association (ADA).
According to 1997 ADA data, 3 and 4 milligrams daily is adequate for women and men, respectively, to prevent fluoride's adverse effects. It's much lower for children. In 2006, the National Research Council reported the basis for those levels should be reduced
6 months of caloric restriction and 10% body weight loss does not cause young overweight adults to lose bone.
EurekAlert: "Our data do not support the notion that extreme weight loss (more than 10 percent) over short periods (three months) has a worse prognosis on bone health than gradual weight loss achieved over six months by moderate calorie restriction with or without aerobic exercise," the authors write. "We speculate that in young individuals undergoing calorie restriction, minor adjustments in bone occur as a normal physiological adaptation to the reduced body mass. Further studies of longer duration are warranted and should include an assessment of bone architecture to ensure that bone quality is preserved with weight loss.
Thin men more vulnerable to osteoporosis.
Science Daily: Obesity and weight increase leads to an increased risk of many chronic diseases, and the advice is therefore to maintain a stable healthy weight. Now, research shows that there may be disadvantages to being thin. Men who have low weight in middle age and who reduce their weight, increase the chance of osteoporosis and fracture. This is shown in data from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and the University of Tromso
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